Stallion - an adult male horse

Mare - an adult female horse

Gelding - a gelded adult male horse (a horse which had its reproductive organs removed)

to geld - to remove a stallion's reproductive organs

Foal - an immature horse

Colt - a male immature horse

Filly - a female immature horse

Dam - a horse's mother

Sire - a horse's father

to sire - a stallion mates a mare, and the mare gives birth to a foal - the foal is sired by the stallion

Pedigree - a horse's family tree

Stud - a farm where horses are bred

Most horses, except for certain breeds, become physically mature at the age of four years.

Other words for horses - steed, charger, nag (old horse), dam, sire, pack horse, outrunner, stud horse, trooper, troop-horse, cart-horse, work-horse, draught horse, wheelhorse.

to gallop - to run at full speed

to trot - to run a slow pace, bouncy, slightly faster than a walk

to canter - to run a slow gallop

to pace - to run at a fast pace, with the fore left foot setting out at the same time as the hind left foot, and same with the right

to rear - to stand on the hind legs

to buck - to bounce with the withers up and head down

to perform a Courbette - to jump without touching the ground with the forefeet

to perform a Capriole - to leap forward several times without touching the ground with the forefeet

to perform a Levade - stand on the hind legs so that the cannon bone is almost parallel with the ground