国内一级考核大纲

From the information below, candidates will understand which topics within the syllabus they will need to study and practice to ensure they have sufficient knowledge and expertise to tackle the Examination.
    从以下情况中，备考人员必须了解课程的相关内容，并通过学习和实践以确保有足够的知识和经验来参加考试。
1．工作实践 Working Practice:
1.1Work at industrial speed and competence
   表现出职业的熟练程度和效果
1.2Be safe whilst working round horses
   演示如何安全的接近马匹

2.打理马 Grooming:
2.1Know the articles of the grooming kit and their uses
   认识每件刷马工具
2.2Demonstrate how to use each item of the grooming kit
   说出每件刷马工具的使用方法和目的
2.3Show the sequence of an effective grooming procedure
   演示有效的打理马匹循序.
2.4Understand why grooming is important
   给出打理马匹的理由重要性

3．马具 Saddlery
3.1认识马鞍和小勒衔铁的水勒各部位名称
   Know the parts of the saddle and snaffle bridle
3.2演示如何给马备上马鞍、水勒、低头革、胸革带、汗垫和不同种类的鼻革
   Show how to put on a saddle, bridle, breastplate, martingale, numnah, various nosebands
3.3了解骑手和马匹如何会被脏的、损坏的、不合适的鞍具弄伤
   Understand how horses and riders can be injured by poorly fitting，dirty or damaged equipment
3.4演示如何清洁马具

 Know how to clean tack and equipment

4.马衣 Rugs and Rugging:
4.1认识各种各样的马衣和它们的使用方法
   Discuss the uses of various rugs
4.2描述正确的给马匹穿上合适的马衣和识别有问题的穿戴
   Show how to put on (and take off) various rugs and discuss their uses
4.3能够讲述不合适的马衣
   Be able to discuss any problems with ill-fitting rugs
4.4如何保存马衣
   Explain how to store rugs

5.接触马匹的安全操作 Safe and Practical Horse Handling:
5．1演示如何给马匹带上笼头
   Demonstrate how to put on and take off a halter
5.2安全有效的拴马
    Show how to safely tie up (and untie) horses

5.3安全的、有效的牵马走慢步、快步
   Show how to lead a horse at walk and trot
5.4示范如何去牵着一匹接受治疗的马匹
   Demonstrate how to hold a horse for the vet or for clipping

6.垫料的管理 Beds and their Management:
6.1说出不同的垫厩材料
   Discuss various bedding materials
6.2说明垫料对各种厩养马匹的重要性
   Know why beds are important for stabled horses
6.3演示安全有效的清马厩步骤
   Show how to muck out various types of bed using various tools
6.4演示安全有效的拣马粪步骤
   Show how to skip out a bed
6.5讲述为什么要清厩
   Discuss the reasons for mucking out
6.6演示安全有效的使用马房工具
   Demonstrate safe efficient use of stable tools
6.7讲述如何有效的处理马粪
   Describe effective disposal of muck.

7.马蹄和蹄铁 The Foot and Shoeing:
7．1演示如何抠蹄到抠蹄筐。
    Show how to pick out a horse’s foot safely and efficiently
7.2.讲述如何清洗马蹄和给马蹄上油
    Discuss how to wash and oil hooves
7.3 讲述各种马蹄铁的状况。
    Discuss various shoes and their condition
7.4评价马蹄修的好坏，蹄铁钉的好坏
    Know what a well-shod foot looks like
7.5认识马蹄的各部 位名称
   Know the points of the foot

8．饮水和喂料 Watering and Feeding:
8.1给出正确的喂料及饮水原则
   Discuss the rules of feeding and watering
8.2讨论室外放养喂水的合适方法
   Discuss how to water horses kept turned out.
8.3 讲述各种草和饲料：燕麦,大麦,甜菜,麸皮、混合饲料、颗粒饲料、碎草，青干草等
    Recognise various types of forage and feed and discuss：oats, barley, sugarbeet pulp/cubes,bran,coarse mix,nuts/cubes,chaff.
8.4 指导低质量的草料的危险性。
    Know the dangers of feeding poor quality feed
8.5讲述一匹轻运动量的马每天饲养计划
Explain feeding plans for horses/ponies in light work

9．身体结构和生理学 Anatomy and Points of the Horse:
9.1识别马匹的各部位的名称。
   Name the main points of the horse
9.2用正确的马术用语说出马匹的毛色，特征，血统，品种，大小，年龄，性别
   Discuss the horses’ colour, markings, breed, type, size, approximate age，sex 

10.健康和安全 Health and Safety:
10.1演示安全举起，搬动重物的步骤：一袋饲料， 一桶水，一捆草
    Demonstrate how to lift and carry a bag of horse feed, a bucket of water, a hay bale
10.2演示如何把一袋草装满, 足量，搬动并挂起,
    Show how to fill, weigh and carry a haynet。
10.3讲述不正确的操作和骑手体质弱所造成的损害。
    Discuss injuries that could occur from poor practice and/or rider unfitness

11．外场放养管理 Turnout Care:
11.1描述用安全合适的方法把马匹放牧和从放牧场牵回来。
    Discuss safe methods of turning out and catching horses
11.2描述为保持马匹的健康和安全每天应该去放养场里检查什么？
    Describe what to check in turnout paddocks to ensure the horse is safe and healthy

12.了解马的行为 Horse Awareness and Behaviour:
12.1演示如何对待马厩里的马匹
    Describe and show how to safely handle the horse in the stable
12.2演示如何接触放养里的马匹
    Describe how to handle the horse turned out
12.3演示如何对待放牧场里的马匹
    Describe how to handle the horse when ridden
12.4如何说明马匹表现出：生气、烦躁、害怕、高兴、饥饿、疼痛、紧张
    Explain how to tell when the horse is angry, upset, scared, happy, hungry, in pain, stressed

12.5描述马匹在自然界的生活方
    Describe the horses lifestyle in the wild

13.马的健康 Horse Health:
13.1了解马匹的健康和不健康
    Know when a horse is healthy and unhealthy
13.2了解马匹不健康的情况下做什么？
    Know what action to take when the horse is ill
13.3说明在马厩内早晨和晚上必须检查的项目
    Explain the importance of morning and late night inspections

14.综合知识 General Knowledge:
14.1描述骑马和马厩工作时，合适的着装
    Discuss safe, suitable clothing when riding and working round horses
14.2描述在马厩内、外场所预防火灾
    Describe the fire precautions on a yard。
14.3说出训练场地多人训练的情况下、调教索训练时、马厩院子内工作时的安全须知
   Discuss the rules of safety when riding in a group, lungeing, working on a yard
14.4如果一个人发生意外事故，给出正确的救助步骤
   Give the correct procedure in the event of an accident to a person

15.平地骑乘 Riding on the Flat:
15.1示范安全有效的牵牵行一匹备好鞍子的马(慢步、快步、回转)
    Demonstrate how to lead in hand a tacked-up horse/pony
15.2示范正确的从上马台、扶助上马、地面上下马。
    Demonstrate how to mount and dismount in a variety of ways including from the ground, leg-up and mounting block
15.3在马上正确的调整肚带和蹬革
    Carry out correct girth and stirrups adjusting procedures prior to riding away
15.4演示在任何的情况下，正确的保持安全和平衡的姿
 Demonstrate a safe, secure and balanced riding position at all times
15.5演示在脱蹬的情况下，慢步、快步、跑步时保持和马匹的和谐
    Be able to ride with and without stirrups at walk, trot and canter remaining in balance and harmony with the horse
15.6示范骑乘马匹向前、受控制、平衡时，辅助的正确使用
    Demonstrate how to ride a horse forward, under control, in balance, applying correct aids
15.7示范轻快步在正确的对角肢上和正确的跑步领先肢
    Understand trotting diagonals and correct canter leads
15.8调整蹬带合适的长度下，保持平衡，用障碍的前倾骑乘方式做慢步、快步、跑步过地杆
    Show how to work on the flat and over ground poles in a balanced, independent jumping seat at all three gaits